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Here is an annotated, scholarly, multilingual edition of the only lengthy text personally written by Haitian revolutionary Toussaint Louverture: the memoirs he wrote shortly before his death in the French prison of Fort de Joux. The translation is based on an original copy in Louverture's hand never before published. Historian Philippe Girard begins with an introductory essay that retraces Louverture's career as a slave, rebel, and governor. Girard provides a detailed narrative of the last year of Louverture's life, and analyzes the significance of the memoirs and letters from a historical and

Generals --- Revolutionaries --- Toussaint Louverture, --- Haiti --- History --- Toussaint-Bréda, Pierre Dominique, --- Bréda, Pierre Dominique Toussaint-, --- Toussaint, François Dominique, --- Toussaint, Pierre Dominique, --- Louverture, Toussaint, --- Ouverture, Toussaint L', --- Ṭusain Luverṭir, --- Toussaint Louverture, Pierre Dominique, --- Toussaint L'Ouverture, François-Dominique, --- L'Overture, Toussaint, --- טוסיין לוברטיר, --- Tousen Breda, Franswa Dominik, --- Breda, Franswa Dominik Tousen, --- Lauverture, --- Louverture,

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Fiction --- English literature --- History of civilization --- anno 1900-1999 --- Historiography. --- History --- Literature and history. --- Postcolonialism --- Periodization. --- Philosophy. --- History. --- James, C. L. R. --- Toussaint Louverture, --- James, C. L. R., --- Historiography --- Literature and history --- Post-colonialism --- Postcolonial theory --- Political science --- Decolonization --- History and literature --- History and poetry --- Poetry and history --- History, Modern --- Periodization in history --- Historical criticism --- Authorship --- Periodization --- Philosophy --- Methodology --- Criticism --- Toussaint-Bréda, Pierre Dominique, --- Bréda, Pierre Dominique Toussaint-, --- Toussaint, François Dominique, --- Toussaint, Pierre Dominique, --- Louverture, Toussaint, --- Ouverture, Toussaint L', --- Ṭusain Luverṭir, --- Toussaint Louverture, Pierre Dominique, --- Toussaint L'Ouverture, François-Dominique, --- L'Overture, Toussaint, --- טוסיין לוברטיר, --- Tousen Breda, Franswa Dominik, --- Breda, Franswa Dominik Tousen, --- Lauverture, --- Louverture,

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In Free and French in the Caribbean, John Walsh studies the writings of Toussaint Louverture and Aimé Césaire to examine how they conceived of and narrated two defining events in the decolonializing of the French Caribbean: the revolution that freed the French colony of Saint-Domingue in 1803 and the departmentalization of Martinique and other French colonies in 1946. Walsh emphasizes the connections between these events and the distinct legacies of emancipation that emerged through the narratives of revolution and nationhood passed on to successive generations. Part one concerns Toussaint'

Nationalism in literature. --- Decolonization in literature. --- Nationalism --- Martinican literature (French) --- French literature --- Martinique literature (French) --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- History. --- History and criticism. --- Cesaire, Aime. --- Toussaint Louverture, --- Toussaint-Bréda, Pierre Dominique, --- Bréda, Pierre Dominique Toussaint-, --- Toussaint, François Dominique, --- Toussaint, Pierre Dominique, --- Louverture, Toussaint, --- Ouverture, Toussaint L', --- Ṭusain Luverṭir, --- Toussaint Louverture, Pierre Dominique, --- Toussaint L'Ouverture, François-Dominique, --- L'Overture, Toussaint, --- טוסיין לוברטיר, --- Tousen Breda, Franswa Dominik, --- Breda, Franswa Dominik Tousen, --- Lauverture, --- Louverture, --- Césaire, Aimé --- Césaire, A. --- Caribbean, French-speaking --- Haiti --- French-speaking Caribbean --- History --- Autonomy and independence movements.

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The Haitian Revolution has generated responses from commentators in fields ranging from philosophy to historiography to twentieth-century literary and artistic studies. But what about the written work produced at the time, by Haitians? This book is the first to present an account of a specifically Haitian literary tradition in the Revolutionary era. Beyond the Slave Narrative shows the emergence of two strands of textual innovation, both evolving from the new revolutionary consciousness: the remarkable political texts produced by Haitian revolutionary leaders Toussaint Louverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines, and popular Creole poetry from anonymous courtesans in Saint-Domingue's libertine culture. These textual forms, though they differ from each other, both demonstrate the increasing cultural autonomy and literary voice of non-white populations in the colony at the time of revolution. Unschooled generals and courtesans, long presented as voiceless, are at last revealed to be legitimate speakers and authors.These Haitian French and Creole texts have been neglected as a foundation of Afro-diasporic literature by former slaves in the Atlantic world for two reasons: because they do not fit the generic criteria of the slave narrative (which is rooted in the autobiographical experience of enslavement); and because they are mediated texts, relayed to the print-cultural Atlantic domain not by the speakers themselves, but by secretaries or refugee colonists. These texts challenge how we think about authorial voice, writing, print culture, and cultural autonomy in the context of the formerly enslaved, and demand that we reassess our historical understanding of the Haitian Independence and its relationship to an international world of contemporary readers.

Haitian poetry (French Creole) --- Creole poetry, Haitian French --- French Creole poetry, Haitian --- Haitian French Creole poetry --- Haitian literature (French Creole) --- History and criticism. --- Dessalines, Jean-Jacques, --- Toussaint Louverture, --- Toussaint-Bréda, Pierre Dominique, --- Bréda, Pierre Dominique Toussaint-, --- Toussaint, François Dominique, --- Toussaint, Pierre Dominique, --- Louverture, Toussaint, --- Ouverture, Toussaint L', --- Ṭusain Luverṭir, --- Toussaint Louverture, Pierre Dominique, --- Toussaint L'Ouverture, François-Dominique, --- L'Overture, Toussaint, --- טוסיין לוברטיר, --- Tousen Breda, Franswa Dominik, --- Breda, Franswa Dominik Tousen, --- Lauverture, --- Louverture, --- Jacques --- Haiti --- Ayiti --- Bohio --- Haichi --- Hayti --- Haytian Republic --- Quisqueya --- Repiblik Ayiti --- Repiblik d Ayiti --- Republic of Haiti --- République d'Haïti --- ハイチ --- هايتي --- Гаити --- Gaiti --- Saint-Domingue --- History --- Literature and the revolution. --- Politics and government --- Slavery in literature. --- Slavery and slaves in literature --- Slaves in literature --- Creole literature, Haitian French --- French Creole literature, Haitian --- Haitian French Creole literature --- Enslaved persons in literature

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"From 1798 to 1801, during the Haitian Revolution, President John Adams and Toussaint Louverture forged diplomatic relations that empowered white Americans to embrace freedom and independence for people of color in Saint-Domingue. The United States supported the Dominguan revolutionaries with economic assistance and arms and munitions; the conflict was also the U.S. Navy's first military action on behalf of a foreign ally. This cross-cultural cooperation was of immense and strategic importance as it helped to bring forth a new nation: Haiti. Diplomacy in Black and White is the first book on the Adams-Louverture alliance. Historian and former diplomat Ronald Angelo Johnson details the aspirations of the Americans and Dominguans--two revolutionary peoples--and how they played significant roles in a hostile Atlantic world. Remarkably, leaders of both governments established multiracial relationships amid environments dominated by slavery and racial hierarchy. And though U.S.-Dominguan diplomacy did not end slavery in the United States, it altered Atlantic world discussions of slavery and race well into the twentieth century. Diplomacy in Black and White reflects the capacity of leaders from disparate backgrounds to negotiate political and societal constraints to make lives better for the groups they represent. Adams and Louverture brought their peoples to the threshold of a lasting transracial relationship. And their shared history reveals the impact of decisions made by powerful people at pivotal moments. But in the end, a permanent alliance failed to emerge, and instead, the two republics born of revolution took divergent paths"--

HISTORY / Revolutionary. --- HISTORY / Caribbean & West Indies / General. --- HISTORY / United States / Colonial Period (1600-1775). --- Blacks --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Race identity --- Toussaint Louverture, --- Adams, John, --- Atlantic Ocean Region --- Haiti --- United States --- Atlantic Area --- Atlantic Region --- Ayiti --- Bohio --- Haichi --- Hayti --- Haytian Republic --- Quisqueya --- Repiblik Ayiti --- Repiblik d Ayiti --- Republic of Haiti --- République d'Haïti --- ハイチ --- هايتي --- Гаити --- Gaiti --- Saint-Domingue --- Race relations --- History --- Influence. --- Foreign relations --- Caribbean literature (English) --- American literature --- Authority --- Space and time --- Creoles --- African Americans --- Political science --- Authoritarianism --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Space of more than three dimensions --- Space-time --- Space-time continuum --- Space-times --- Spacetime --- Time and space --- Fourth dimension --- Infinite --- Metaphysics --- Philosophy --- Space sciences --- Time --- Beginning --- Hyperspace --- Relativity (Physics) --- Racially mixed people --- Afro-Americans --- Black Americans --- Colored people (United States) --- Africans --- History and criticism. --- Social aspects. --- Social life and customs. --- Caribbean Area --- Southern States --- Toussaint-Bréda, Pierre Dominique, --- Bréda, Pierre Dominique Toussaint-, --- Toussaint, François Dominique, --- Toussaint, Pierre Dominique, --- Louverture, Toussaint, --- Ouverture, Toussaint L', --- Ṭusain Luverṭir, --- Toussaint Louverture, Pierre Dominique, --- Toussaint L'Ouverture, François-Dominique, --- L'Overture, Toussaint, --- טוסיין לוברטיר, --- Tousen Breda, Franswa Dominik, --- Breda, Franswa Dominik Tousen, --- Lauverture, --- Louverture, --- Novanglus, --- Black persons --- Black people